Sebakeng sa kajeno sa theknoloji se ntseng se fetoha ka potlako, likhoele tsa makoloi a macha a matla, photovoltaic, le likhokahano tsa 5G li hlahile e le likarolo tsa bohlokoa mafapheng a fapaneng. Sengoliloeng sena se ikemiselitse ho sekaseka lits'ebetso tsa bona tsa tlhahiso, litšenyehelo, mebaraka, bophelo ba lits'ebeletso, maemo a ts'ebeliso le litaelo tsa nts'etsopele ea nako e tlang.
1. Lik'habole tse Ncha tsa Likoloi tsa Matla
- Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso:
- Tokisetso ea Mokhanni: Khondara ea lithapo tse ncha tsa koloi hangata e entsoe ka koporo kapa aluminium. Koporo e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa ha eona ho tlaase, matla a holimo a ho jara hona joale, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse babatsehang. Thepa ea koporo e sebetsoa ka lits'ebetso tse kang ho taka terata, annealing, le stranding ho netefatsa ho fetoha ha maemo le conductivity ea conductor12.
- Phekolo ea Insulation: Lisebelisoa tsa insulation tse kang cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), rabara ea silicon, le thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) li sebelisoa bakeng sa phekolo ea ho pata. Lisebelisoa tsena li hloka ho kopana le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ts'ebetso e babatsehang ea ho kenya letsoho, le litlhoko tse ling ho netefatsa polokeho le botšepehi ba mohala sebakeng se rarahaneng sa koloi.
- Ho sireletsa le ho Sheathing: Ho eketsoa lera le sireletsang ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase. Hangata lera le sireletsang le entsoe ka terata ea koporo kapa lisebelisoa tse ling. Qetellong, sheath e extruded ho sireletsa thapo ho senya ka ntle4.
- Litšenyehelo: Theko ea lithapo tsa koloi e ncha e batla e phahame, haholo-holo ka lebaka la litlhoko tse phahameng tsa lisebelisoa le mekhoa ea tlhahiso. Litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tse tala tse kang koporo le lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle tsa ho kenya letsoho li ikarabella bakeng sa karolo e kholo ea litšenyehelo tsohle. Ho feta moo, lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso le theknoloji e hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso le tsona li eketsa litšenyehelo.
- Mmaraka: Ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, tlhoko ea 'maraka ea likhoele tse ncha tsa koloi e ntse e hola ka potlako. Ha baetsi ba likoloi ba ntse ba ntse ba tsetela ho hlahiseng likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, 'maraka oa lithapo tse ncha tsa motlakase o lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho hola. Ho latela se boletsoeng esale pele, boholo ba mmaraka ba likhoele tse ncha tsa koloi e tla fihla sekala se itseng lilemong tse 'maloa tse tlang.
- Bophelo ba Tšebeletso: Tlas'a ts'ebeliso e tloaelehileng le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea lithapo tsa koloi e ncha ka kakaretso bo ka fihla lilemo tse fetang 10. Leha ho le joalo, lintho tse kang mocheso o phahameng, mongobo o phahameng, le tšenyo ea mechine tikolohong ea koloi li ka ama bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lithapo.
- Maemo a Kopo: Lithapo tse ncha tsa koloi li sebelisoa haholo khokahanong lipakeng tsa libeteri tse nang le motlakase o mongata, li-inverter, li-compressor tsa moea, lijenereithara tsa mekhahlelo e meraro, le li-motor likoloing tse ncha tsa matla. Li boetse li sebelisoa ho tjhaja lithunya, liqubu tsa ho tjhaja, le ho tjhaja li-boarding.
- Tataiso ea Tsoelo-pele ea Bokamoso: Nakong e tlang, nts'etsopele ea likhoele tse ncha tsa koloi e tla tsepamisa maikutlo ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso, joalo ka ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ts'ebetso e ntle ea tšireletso, le boima bo bobebe. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji e ncha ea likoloi tsa matla, ho kopanngoa le bohlale ba lithapo le tsona li tla ntlafatsoa ho finyella litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea likoloi.
2. Lithapo tsa Photovoltaic
- Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso:
- Tokisetso ea Lintho tse tala: Lithapo tsa photovoltaic li hloka li-conductors tsa boleng bo phahameng, hangata koporo kapa aluminium, le lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya letsoho tse nang le ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo bo botle le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, joalo ka polyethylene e khethehileng. Li-filler li boetse lia hlokahala ho ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha le ho tšoarella ha cable5.
- Extrusion le Coating: Mokhanni oa pele o kenngoa ka insulated, 'me ka mor'a moo lesela la insulation le sheath li ntšoa ka extruder. Ts'ebetso ea extrusion e hloka taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso le khatello ho netefatsa boleng ba cable5.
- Teko le Packaging: Kamora ho etsa, thapo e hloka ho etsa liteko tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea motlakase, liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea mochini, le liteko tsa ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo. Ke likhoele tse fetang liteko feela tse ka pakoang le ho romelloa5.
- Litšenyehelo: Litsenyehelo tsa lithapo tsa photovoltaic li ameha haholo-holo ke litšenyehelo tsa lihlahisoa tse tala le mekhoa ea tlhahiso. Litsenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng ba ho futhumatsa le li-conductors tse khethehileng li batla li phahame, empa ka ntlafatso ea theknoloji ea tlhahiso le katoloso ea tekanyo ea tlhahiso, litšenyehelo li fokotseha butle-butle.
- Mmaraka: Indasteri ea photovoltaic e ntse e tsoela pele ka potlako, 'me tlhokahalo ea' maraka ea lisebelisoa tsa photovoltaic e ntse e eketseha. Ha linaha tse pota-potileng lefats'e li khomarela bohlokoa bo boholo ho matla a tsosolositsoeng, ho kenngoa ha limela tsa matla a photovoltaic ho ntse ho eketseha, e leng se etsang hore ho be le tlhokahalo ea lithapo tsa photovoltaic. Tlholisano ea 'maraka bakeng sa likhoele tsa photovoltaic e batla e le bohale,' me likhoebo li hloka ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le ts'ebetso ho fumana monyetla oa tlholisano.
- Bophelo ba Tšebeletso: Lithapo tsa photovoltaic li pepesehetse libaka tsa ka ntle ka nako e telele, kahoo li hloka ho ba le khanyetso e ntle ea boemo ba leholimo le ho tšoarella. Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lithapo tsa photovoltaic bo ka fihla ho feta lilemo tse 25.
- Maemo a Kopo: Lithapo tsa photovoltaic li sebelisoa haholo-holo mekhoeng ea ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic, ho kenyelletsa le ho hokahanya pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le li-inverters, ho amana pakeng tsa li-inverters le lisebelisoa tsa ho fana ka matla, le ho hokahanya pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho fana ka matla le grid7.
- Tataiso ea Tsoelo-pele ea Bokamoso: Nakong e tlang, nts'etsopele ea lithapo tsa photovoltaic li tla lebisa tlhokomelo ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, ho hanyetsa mahlaseli a kotsi, le ho thibela metsi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea katleho ea mekhoa ea ho hlahisa matla a photovoltaic, litlhoko tsa katleho ea phetisetso ea lisebelisoa tsa photovoltaic le tsona li tla ba tse phahameng.
3. Lithapo tsa Puisano tsa 5G
- Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso:
- Tlhahiso ea Mokhanni: Mokhanni oa likhoele tsa puisano tsa 5G o hloka conductivity e phahameng le ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ea matšoao. Ho sebelisoa koporo kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa boleng bo holimo, mme ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e hloka ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho ts'oana ha bophara ba conductor ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matšoao.
- Insulation le ho sireletsa: Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso li sebelisoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea cable. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lera le sireletsang le eketsoa ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase le ho netefatsa botsitso ba phetisetso ea lets'oao.
- Kopano ea Cable: Ka mor'a ho lokisoa ha mokhanni, li-insulation, le lihlopha tse sireletsang, thapo e bokelloa ka mekhoa e kang stranding le sheathing ho etsa mohala o feletseng oa puisano oa 5G.
- Litšenyehelo: Mokhoa oa ho etsa lithapo tsa puisano tsa 5G o hloka lisebelisoa tse phahameng tse nepahetseng le theknoloji e tsoetseng pele, kahoo litšenyehelo li batla li le holimo. Ho phaella moo, tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso e boetse e eketsa litšenyehelo tsa lithapo.
- Mmaraka: Ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea thekenoloji ea puisano ea 5G, tlhokahalo ea 'maraka ea likhoele tsa puisano tsa 5G e kholo. Kaho ea liteishene tsa motheo tsa 5G, litsi tsa data, le lisebelisoa tse ling li hloka palo e kholo ea likhoele tsa puisano tsa 5G. Tlholisano ea 'maraka bakeng sa likhoele tsa puisano tsa 5G e bohale,' me likhoebo li hloka ho tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa le bokhoni ba boqapi ho fihlela tlhoko ea 'maraka.
- Bophelo ba Tšebeletso: Tlas'a ts'ebeliso e tloaelehileng le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lithapo tsa puisano tsa 5G ka kakaretso bo ka fihla ho feta lilemo tse 15. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa 5G le palo e kholo ea phetisetso ea data, lithapo li ka 'na tsa e-ba tlas'a ho senyeha ho itseng, tse hlokang ho hlahlojoa le ho hlokomeloa kamehla.
- Maemo a Kopo: Lithapo tsa puisano tsa 5G li sebelisoa haholo-holo litsing tsa motheo tsa 5G, litsi tsa data, metse e bohlale, le masimo a mang ho fana ka liteishene tsa phetisetso ea matšoao a potlakileng le a tsitsitseng.
- Tataiso ea Tsoelo-pele ea Bokamoso: Nakong e tlang, nts'etsopele ea lithapo tsa puisano tsa 5G li tla lebisa tlhokomelo ho ntlafatsa lebelo la phetisetso, ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matšoao, le ho ntlafatsa ho ikamahanya le maemo ho maemo a rarahaneng. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea maemo a kopo ea 5G, mefuta-futa le mekhoa ea mekhoa ea lithapo tsa puisano tsa 5G e tla boela e be mokhoa oa tsoelo-pele.
Qetellong, lithapo tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, photovoltaic, le puisano ea 5G kaofela ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tse ntseng li hlaha. Mekhoa ea bona ea tlhahiso, litšenyehelo, limmaraka, bophelo ba lits'ebeletso, maemo a ts'ebeliso, le litaelo tsa nts'etsopele ea nako e tlang li fapane, empa kaofela li na le karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tse amanang le tsona. Ha thekenoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, likhoele tsena li tla tsoela pele ho ntlafala le ho ntlafatsa ho fihlela litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha tsa masimo a fapaneng.
Nako ea poso: Sep-24-2024